Sound recording and reproduction are two separate processed used to record, store, and play back sounds. Sound recording use microphones to pick up sound waves in the air. The pressure changes associated with the waves are converted into electrical signals, which can be coded and stored for future access. Sound reproduction, or playback, uses additional devices to retrieve the store information and convert it back into electrical signals. The signals are then sent to a loudspeaker, which converts them back into sound.
To record sound, a microphone changes the acoustic energy of sound waves in the air into electrical signals. Inside a microphone is a thin, flat, metallic surface, called a diaphragm, that is suspended in a magnetic field. When a sound wave reaches the microphone, the air pressure changes around the diaphragm, causing the diaphqagm to move. This movement within a magnetic field creates an electrical signal. The signal is then transferred to a storage medium. Such as a cassete tape, a compact disc (CD), or a phonograph record.
To reproduce sound, a playing device-such as a CD player, cassete deck, or phonograph acceses the stored data. The playing device reads the data and convert the information back into electric energy. The electrical signal is sent to a loudspeaker, which has a diaphragm housed in a magnetic field in much the same way as a microphone's diaphragm is house. The electrical signal creates a disturbance in the magnetic field. These resultant variations in the magnetic field cause the diaphrag to move. As the diaphragm moves, it pushes out and pulls in, creating changes in air pressure to recreate the sound that was originally recorded.
Soumd recordings and reproduction form the foundation of many industries, including entertainment, communications, and multimedia businesses. Recording and reproduction of sound allow people to play their favorite music, whether it was recorded yesterday or many years ago. Radio networks rely on sound recording and reproduction for storing news and other types of programming. Television and motion pictures combine images with music, speech, and sound effect to provide the viewer with an enriched experience. Computer programs, multimedia software, and video gamer also use sound to make programs more engaging.
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